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بررسی رابطه بین توسعه اقتصادی و نابرابری جنسیتی در استان‌های ایران

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

چکیده

چکیده
در ادبیات اقتصادی، در خصوص رابطه بین توسعه اقتصادی و نابرابری جنسیتی دو فرضیه وجود دارد: اول اینکه، با توسعه اقتصادی نابرابری جنسیتی کاهش می‌یابد؛ دوم، توسعه اقتصادی می‌‌تواند به افزایش نابرابری جنسیتی منجر شود. مقاله حاضر با توجه به منحنی کوزنتس جنسیتی، به بررسی اثر توسعه اقتصادی بر نابرابری جنسیتی در استان‌های کشور می‌پردازد. در برآورد این منحنی از روش حداقل مربعات معمولی OLS استفاده گردید. بر اساس نتایج، ‌یک ارتباط U وارونه بین نابرابری جنسیتی و درآمد سرانه وجود دارد. همچنین ارتباط معکوسی بین نابرابری جنسیتی با صادرات و ارتباط مستقیمی با سهم بخش صنعت در اقتصاد مشاهده شد. این پژوهش تأثیر یکنواخت توسعه بر نابرابری جنسیتی، یعنی دیدگاه‌های فمینیستی و نئوکلاسیک را به چالش کشیده و بجای پذیرش یک سیاست عام، لزوم اجرای برنامه‌های مبارزه با کاهش نابرابری جنسیتی بخصوص متناسب با سطوح توسعه اقتصادی، مناطق مختلف را پیشنهاد می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها: توسعه اقتصادی، نابرابری جنسیتی، منحنی کوزنتس، ایران.

طبقه‌بندی JEL :R11, O12, B54, J16

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The relationship between economic development and gender inequality in Province of Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Javad Razmi
  • Sharareh Kavosi

چکیده [English]

Abstract
ISSUE: In economic literature, there are two hypotheses regarding the link between economic development and gender inequality. the first gender inequality decreases with economic development. Second, economic development increases gender inequality. This research is conducted to investigate the effects of economic development on gender inequality according to Kuznets gender curve in Iran provinces. This curve is estimated using OLS. The results showed an inverted U relationship between gender inequality and per capita income in the provinces. Also there is inverse relationship between gender inequality and exports, and gender inequality with foreign direct investment. While the relationship between gender inequality and the share of industry in the economy, is indirect. Our findings challenged feminist and neoclassic perspectives about uniform effect of development on gender inequality and instead of accepting a general policy, suggests the need for gender inequality reduction programs tailored to economic development of different regions.

Keywords: Economic Development ,Gender Inequality,Kuznets Curve,Iran

JELClassification: , B54, , J16, O12, R11

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Economic Development
  • Gender Inequality
  • Kuznets Curve
  • Iran
مراجع
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اقتصاد و توسعه منطقه ای
دوره 21، شماره 8 - شماره پیاپی 8
بهمن 1393
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  • تاریخ دریافت: 08 بهمن 1393
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 08 بهمن 1393
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