تأثیر جهانیشدن بر جذب سرمایهگذاری مستقیم خارجی در کشورهای منتخب MENA با استفاده از روش GMM

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• جابر بهرامی
• مصیب پهلوانی

https://doi.org/10.22067/erd.v21i8.43935

چکیده

چکیده
یکی از موضوعات مورد بحث در عصر حاضر، پدیده جهانیشدن است. جهانیشدن، درهم‌آمیزی و ادغام متزاید اقتصادهای ملی در اقتصاد جهانی است که آثار آن را می‌توان در افزایش بازرگانی بین‌المللی، جهانیشدن تولید و جریان سرمایه‌گذاری مستقیم خارجی ملاحظه کرد. بررسی آثار و پیامدهای گسترده این فرایند بر ابعاد مختلف حیات انسانی از جمله آثار سیاسی، اقتصادی، اجتماعی و فرهنگی آن، توجه خاص اندیشمندان، سیاستمداران، اقتصاددانان و متولیان فرهنگی جهان را به خود جلب کرده است. این بررسیها، قبل از همه نیازمند کمّی کردن این پدیده و ساخت و به‌کارگیری شاخصهای مناسب برای اندازه‌گیری آن است. هدف تحقیق حاضر، بررسی تأثیر جهانی‌شدن با استفاده از شاخص جدید و جامع جهانی‌شدن اقتصاد، KOF بر جذب سرمایه‌گذاری مستقیم خارجی در کشورهای منتخب عضو منا و دوره زمانی 20 ساله 2009-1990 است. مدل تحقیق با استفاده از فنون اقتصادسنجی پانلی مانند ریشه واحد پانلی، هم‌انباشتگی پانلی و برآوردگر گشتاور تعمیم‌یافته (GMM) برآورد شد. نتایج تحقیق حاکی از آن است بین جهانی‌شدن و سرمایه‌گذاری مستقیم خارجی رابطه‌ مثبت و معناداری وجود دارد. همچنین شاخص اندازه بازار، شاخص سرمایه انسانی تأثیر مثبت و معنادار و شاخص جمعیت تأثیر منفی و معناداری بر جذب سرمایه‌گذاری مستقیم خارجی داشته است.

کلید واژه ها: جهانیشدن، سرمایه‌گذاری مستقیم خارجی، داده‌های پانلی، GMM، کشورهای عضو منا.

طبقه‌بندی JEL :. C23 ,F23 ,F62

کلیدواژه‌ها

• جهانیشدن
• سرمایه‌گذاری مستقیم خارجی
• داده‌های پانلی
• GMM
• کشورهای عضو منا

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Impact of Globalization on Attracting Foreign Direct Investment in Selected MENA Countries by Using GMM

نویسندگان [English]

• Jaber i Bahram
• Mosayebi Pahlavan

چکیده [English]

Abstract
Of the issues facing present age countries is the phenomenon of globalization. Globalization, mixture and integration of national economies into the global economy is whose effects can be considered in increasing international trade, globalization of production and the flow of foreign direct investment. Investigated broad effects and consequences this process on various aspects of human life including political, economic, social and cultural has attracted Particular attention of thinkers, politicians, economists in worldwide. This investigation, first of all need to quantify this phenomenon, construction and use of appropriate indicators to measure it.
The aim of this study is the investigation of the globalization effect by using a new integral index of economic globalization, KOF on attracting foreign direct investment in selected countries, member of the MENA and 20 year’s period is 1990-2009. Research model was estimated by using panel econometric techniques such as panel unit root, panel co-integration and GMM. The results of research implies a significant and positive relationship between globalization and foreign direct investment. Also the size of the market index, the human capital index have positive and significant impact and population parameters on attracting foreign direct investment has a significant and negative impact.

Key words: Globalization, Foreign Direct Investment, Panel Data , GMM, MENA Countries.

JEL Classification: C23, F23, F62.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Globalization
• foreign direct investment
• Panel Data
• GMM
• MENA Countries

مراجع

Refrences

1- Asghari, M., Aameli, P. (2012). Hypothesis testing Pollution Haven in the Europe Union- Persian Gulf region, Journal of Rahe Andisheh Economics Research, 1(4), PP. 21-38. (In Persian).

2- Azarbaijani, K., Karimi, H., Nagheli, sh. (2012). Estimate the Impact of FDI on Trade Flows in the Sector of Economic OECD ountries, Journal of Development Economic and Planning, 1(1), PP. 69-94. (In Persian).

3- Aziz, A., Makkawi, B. (2012). Relationship Between Foreign Direct Investment and Country Population, International Journal of Business and Management, 7(8), PP. 63-70.

4- Behkish, M. M. (2010). Iranian Economy in the context of globalization (5th ed). Tehran: Ney. (In Persian).

5- Bromandfar, P. (2009). Globalizasation and Financial Market. Journal of Tadbir, 193, PP. 56-58. (In Persian).

6- Davoodi, P., Shahmoradi, A. (2005). Recognition Factors Attracting Foreign Direct Investment in Iran and 46 Countries, Iranian Journal of Economic Research, 6(20), PP. 81-113. (In Persian).

7- Enders, W. (2004). Applied Econometric Time Series, New York: Wiley Press.

8- Farzin, M. R., Ashrafi, Y., Fahimifar, F. (2012). Investigation The Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on Economic Growth, Quarterly Journal of Economic Research and Policies, 20(61): PP. 29-62. (In Persian).

9- Fotros , M.H., Emami, M. (2012). Check Factors Affecting Foreign Direct Investment, with an Emphasis on Patent, Economic Journal-BiMonthly Journal of Economic, 7, PP. 15-35. (In Persian).

10- Frawsen, G., Josefsson, H. (2004). Foreign Direct Investment and Developing Countries, How To Attract Trans- National Corporation?, School of Economics and Management, LUND University, P. 3.

11- Goldar, B., Banga, R. (2007). Impact of Trade Liberalization on Foreign Direct Investment in Indian Industries, Working Paper Series, 56, Asia-Pacific Research and Training Network on Trade.

12- Gujarati-Damodar, N. (2002). Basic Econometrics, 4th ed. New York: University of New York Press.

13- Johnson, A. (2006). FDI and export: the case of high performing East Asian economies, Electronic Working Paper Series, 57, Centre of Excellent for studies in Science and Innovation .

14- Kao, Ch., Min-Hsien, C. (2000). On the Estimation and Inference of a Cointegrated Regression in Panel Data, Advances in Econometrics 15, PP. 179-222.

15- Kaji, F. (2008). Generalized Method of Moments Dynamic Panel Models, MA Thesis, Department of Statistics, University of Isfahan. (in Persian).

16- Leitão, N.C., Faustino, H.C. (2010). Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment in Portugal, Journal of Applied Business and Economics, 11(3), PP. 19-26.

17- Leitão, N. C. (2012a). Foreign Direct Investment and Globalization, Actual Problems of Economics, 4, PP. 398-405.

18- Shahchera, M., Mirhashemi Naeini, S. (2012). Analyzing the Impacts of Monetary Policy Shock on Iran\'s Banking Network Facilities (2001-2009), Journal of Economic Development Researches, 1(4), PP. 91-118. (in Persian).

19- Mozayani, A.H., Moradhasel, N. (2008). Recognition of factors affecting FDI flow’s, Economic Research Institute, 7, PP. 15-35.

20- Naude, W.A., Krugell, W.F. (2007). Investigating Geography and Institutions as Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment in Africa Using Panel Data, Applied Economics, 39, PP. 1223-1233.

21- Noorbaksh, F., Da Loni, A., Youssef, A. (2001). human Capital and FDI Inflows to Developing Countries. New Empirical Evidence, World Development 29, PP. 1593-1610. (In Persian).

22- Pedroni, P. (1995). Panel Cointegration: Asymptotic and Finite Sample Properties of Pooled Time Series Tests, with an Application to the PPP Hypothesis, Indiana University Working Papers in Economics, PP. 95-013.

23- Pelinescu, E., Radulescu, M. (2009). The Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on The Economic Growth and Countries’ Export Potential, Romanian Journal of Economic Forecasting, 4, PP. 153-169.

24- Peridy, N. (2004). The New US Trans-Ocean Free Trade Initiatives: Estimating Export and FDI tentials from Dynamic Panel Data Models, Economics Bulletin, 6(9), PP. 1-11.

25- Pham, T., Nguyen, D. (2010). Does Exchange Rate Policy Matter for Economic Growth? Vietnam evidence from a co- ntegration approach, Economics Bulletin, 30(1), PP. 169-181.

26- Quazi, R. (2007). Economic Freedom and Foreign Direct Investment in East Asia, Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy, 12(3), PP. 329-344.

27- Scholte, J.A. (2000). Globalization: A Critical Introduction; U.S.A; ST. Martin’s press inc.

28- Shahabadi, A., Mahmoudi, A. (2006). Determinants of Foreign Firect Fnvestment in Iran, Journal of Economic Literature, 4(5), PP. 89-126. (In Persian).

29- Waters, M. (1995). Globalization. London and New York: Routledge.

30- Wheeler, D., Mody, A. (1992). International Investment location Decisions. The Case of US Firms, Journal of International Economics, 33, PP. 57-60.

31- Wijeweera, A., Villano, R., Dollery B. (2010). Economic Growth and FDI Inflows: A Stochastic Frontier Analysis, The Journal of Developing Areas, 43(2), PP. 143-158.