مقالات پژوهشی
Michael Azimi
Abstract
One of the concepts which has always been studied by development scholars, is (un)equilibrium. The concept has been distinguished sectorally (agriculture/industry/service), economically (production/consumption) and regionally. Despite many advances in this field, there are plenty of countries which are ...
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One of the concepts which has always been studied by development scholars, is (un)equilibrium. The concept has been distinguished sectorally (agriculture/industry/service), economically (production/consumption) and regionally. Despite many advances in this field, there are plenty of countries which are suffering from the outcomes and impacts of imbalanced development (centralized development).
This study is trying to concentrate on the relationship between macroeconomic growth in national level and regional centralization of development. At first, development theories are concerned to find the nature of the relation. In fact, the answer of various theories is summarized. Then, by using secondary data in Iran the relationship is pursued.
The results show that centralized development is not concerned in conventional theories when the issue is the core of non-conventional ideas. In addition, quantitative indicators show strong negative correlation between macroeconomic growth and regionally centralized development in Iran while development process in this country has been more regionally centralized.
مقالات پژوهشی
homayoun shirazi; karim Azarbaiejani; mir hadi hoseini; sara mardiha
Abstract
Well being as a multidimensional concept has been noticed by many economists and politicians in recent years. In most studies, only the combination of non-economic indicators have been used in order to measure well being while constructing the indicator that includes all geographic, economic and human ...
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Well being as a multidimensional concept has been noticed by many economists and politicians in recent years. In most studies, only the combination of non-economic indicators have been used in order to measure well being while constructing the indicator that includes all geographic, economic and human aspects can help us to study the countries development procedure. The aim of this study is constructing a well being indicator for all developing countries with regarding aforementioned aspects.
In this study we attempt to construct a composite indicator based on 8 sub indexes by using factor-analysis and objective method. This indicator has been calculated annually for 89 developing countries for the period 2000-2008.
Based on the results, African countries have the lowest well being score among selected developing countries. Also the results show an improvement of well being indicator in Turkey, China and Brazil in recent years. In addition, this indicator had been increasingly for Iran during aforesaid period but between the four-year periods 2005-2008, the rate of this growth process has been decreased.
مقالات پژوهشی
Mostafa Mohammadi Dehcheshmeh
Abstract
Different dimensions and structural complexities of this title are one of essential limitation in present of suitable model. Global interest in the concept of sustainable development (SD) in all countries and the increasing concern about global warming has created a need to assess to an acceptable level ...
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Different dimensions and structural complexities of this title are one of essential limitation in present of suitable model. Global interest in the concept of sustainable development (SD) in all countries and the increasing concern about global warming has created a need to assess to an acceptable level of development in our country too. The aims of this research are the assessment and analysis development situation of the townships in West Azerbaijan province ,the rankings of the West Azerbaijan townships related to the sustainable development indicators and the predicting sustainability in West Azerbaijan development process based on selected indicators .This study from the aim point of view is applicable and from the methodology point of view is the descriptive - analytic. The 40 Sustainability indicators in this study groped in six general indicators of economic, social, health, cultural and communications facilities and equipment and evaluated in West Azerbaijan province. In order to comprehensive analysis in this paper, we used of fuzzy AHP model, fuzzy TOPSIS and SPSS for the ranking of township from development indicators point of view. According to the research aims, the variance of selected indicators of sustainable development is evaluated among 17 township of West Azerbaijan provinces with analysis of hierarchical fuzzy. After that the townships of study ranked with regarding to the inequities in the distribution of economic indicators. The findings of this model indicate a brilliant correlation from core to periphery in related to development indicators. It means the Orumieh Township with .923 is the core and the Khoy with .478 is periphery.
مقالات پژوهشی
fateme asayesh; shahram golestani
Abstract
All of the reducing earning gap between cities and villages, increasing rural incomes, creating motivation for staying in villages and reduce migration, implies that new imployment opportunities should be created in areas outside the cities, that is responsive the above ideals. Starting Quick-Impact ...
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All of the reducing earning gap between cities and villages, increasing rural incomes, creating motivation for staying in villages and reduce migration, implies that new imployment opportunities should be created in areas outside the cities, that is responsive the above ideals. Starting Quick-Impact enterprises in villages can have a significant role in approaching to these goals and also creating imployment. So this study due to the fundamental difference between created jobs and projected jobs in rural areas has tried to check the factors affecting on amount of deviation from the projected employment in rural areas of Kerman province. The data used in this study related to all of the Quick-Impact enterprises in rural areas of Kerman province. This data collected from department of cooperatives, labour and social affairs of Kerman province from 2006 to 2009. The data obtained is in annual figure and the ACOVA model is used for estimating of models and hypothesis testing. The results of the study prove the influence of some factors on the deviation from the projected employment. These factors include the location, the individual features, the enterprise, the costs, the type of activity, the executive department and the operating bank. The firms with development and entrepreneurship plans had more successful performance than other firms. Also the plans that their facilities get from Sepah Bank, Maskan Bank and Mellat Bank, had more specialized functions compared to other plans. The results also confirmed the positive effects of women and law firms participation in Bam and Zarand cities reducing the deviation from the projected and the better implementation of the projects in service and industry sectors are as well as the other sectors. The supervision on plans by the Industry, Trade and Mines and the department of Cooperatives, Labour and Social affairs as executive organizations has better results in reducing the deviation from the projected employment than the others.
Jel Classification: R51, R58, G38, E24, C13
مقالات پژوهشی
mitra seyedzadeh; mahmod hoshmand
Abstract
Policy makers analysis supply and demand to achieve optimum prices in different markets az construction market. In this study, affective factors on demand and supply of commercial applications in Samen Zone are recognized by theories. and by using interviews with experts, the factors are authenticated. ...
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Policy makers analysis supply and demand to achieve optimum prices in different markets az construction market. In this study, affective factors on demand and supply of commercial applications in Samen Zone are recognized by theories. and by using interviews with experts, the factors are authenticated. Then, intensity and mechanism of each of these factors are determined to influence the of supply and demand business applications by changing the more affective variables. The results show that, Infrastructure services variables have the largest direct effect on demand and variables based on the profitability of business units operating factors have the largest indirect effect and cost variabel have the largest total effect on demand. But cost variable have the largest total and direct effect on supply and policy of trustee agencies have the largest indirect effect on supply
مقالات پژوهشی
Siab Mamipour; Zahar Besharati; Davod Behbudi
Abstract
Economic development needs investment in various economic parts and activities. With out investment in infrastructure and superstructure projects can not be expected to expend employment, production and economic welfare. Many countries have a strong tendency to attract foreign investment. Therefore, ...
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Economic development needs investment in various economic parts and activities. With out investment in infrastructure and superstructure projects can not be expected to expend employment, production and economic welfare. Many countries have a strong tendency to attract foreign investment. Therefore, one useful way is making trade and industrial free zones. Identify bottlenecks and obstacles to attracting and expanding investment in free zones offers a clear vision of the affective factors the invitation and expansion internal and external of investment. The main purpose of this article is to identify affective factors investment in Anzali trade and industrial free zone. These factors identify to using the Delphi technique and these factors rated to using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP).
The results of research show that the attention to the factors possibilities, proper policy, attention and valid implementation of laws and regulations, attracted economic factors and ultimately, attracted support factors due to more attracting investment in Anzali trade and industrial free zone.
مقالات پژوهشی
Majid dashtban; Amir Jabbari
Abstract
During the process of economic development, economists gradually have found that in addition to factors such as technology and materials involved in the development, labor is also a special place. Therefore, labor must be supported by proper tools to continue development process along with the strengthening ...
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During the process of economic development, economists gradually have found that in addition to factors such as technology and materials involved in the development, labor is also a special place. Therefore, labor must be supported by proper tools to continue development process along with the strengthening of both technology and materials. In addition to education and health care, social security is one of the most powerful tools for protection of human societies. Social security systems offers a variety of support services such as retirement pensions, disability and etc, so those are one of the most powerful levers of government to guide the society towards prosperity.
With the changes in the Auerbach and Kotlikoff pattern (1987) and the failures of the pension system in Iran, this paper simulates the reforming of the pension system from of the Pay-As-You-Go system to the Partially-Funded one by using a 55-period overlapping generations model.
The results indicate that individual’s optimal consumption-saving behavior varies under different social security systems. The findings of the simulation model show that in addition to increasing the personal financial assets, Partially-Funded pension system provides a higher physical capital accumulation for the economy than that of -Pay-as-you-go pension system. In addition to higher level of national consumption, the transition to the new system provides a higher level of economic growth and national income.
مقالات پژوهشی
javad khalilzadeh; hassan heidari; Hamid Reza Faaljou; Seyyed Jamaladdin Mohseni Zonouzi
Abstract
Despite the favorable benefits of world tread organization membership on the economy, may also have undesirable adverse effects. So the countries that have infra-structure preparations for this phenomenon and have done sufficient studies before entering World Trade Organization can change threats into ...
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Despite the favorable benefits of world tread organization membership on the economy, may also have undesirable adverse effects. So the countries that have infra-structure preparations for this phenomenon and have done sufficient studies before entering World Trade Organization can change threats into opportunity and use advantages to the best. Therefore we have tried to study effects of membership to WTO on a small part of the Iran economy. To this aim by proposing a hypothesis, an economic mathematical model was designed and has been tested. In order to study and analyze the relations among variables, we used annual time series data of 1978-2011 and by using of Microfit software and Johansen convergence method, and it was already known that there is a long term balance relation among variables and estimated the coefficients of model. Gained results of "Johanson-Juselius" tests confirmed long termco-integration relation among the variables of model and the existence of two co-integration vectors. Also in order to study structural failure and the stability of estimated coefficients of model we used "accumulation sum of recursive residuals" test that gained results of this test showed the stability of gained coefficients and finally by estimating models and analyzing of variance, it was cleared that trade liberalization index has effect on dependent variable of model.
مقالات پژوهشی
sadegh bafandeh imandoust; Hanie Ghanei Zare
Abstract
Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) is an intergovernmental regional organization established in 1985 by Iran, Pakistan and Turkey for the purpose of promoting economic, technical and cultural cooperation among the Member States.
The aim of this paper is to study the influence of Economic Integration ...
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Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) is an intergovernmental regional organization established in 1985 by Iran, Pakistan and Turkey for the purpose of promoting economic, technical and cultural cooperation among the Member States.
The aim of this paper is to study the influence of Economic Integration on foreign direct investment among the ECO countries with utilise of panel data during 1997-2010. The result shows economic integration among these countries has positive relationship with foreign direct investment.
