Hassan i Tahsil
Abstract
The Investigation of Housing Fluctuations and its Relation with Business Cycles in Economy of Iran
Hassan Tahsili,
Ph.D. student, Faculty of Economics, Allameh University
Abbas Shakeri
Ph.D., Faculty of Economics, Allameh University
Rrassol Ghasemi
Assistant Professor, Faculty of Economics, ...
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The Investigation of Housing Fluctuations and its Relation with Business Cycles in Economy of Iran
Hassan Tahsili,
Ph.D. student, Faculty of Economics, Allameh University
Abbas Shakeri
Ph.D., Faculty of Economics, Allameh University
Rrassol Ghasemi
Assistant Professor, Faculty of Economics, Allameh University
Mostafa Salimifar
Professor. ,Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
Esfanyar Jahangard
Assistant Professor, Faculty of Economics, Allameh University
Abstract
Stylized facts show that, housing has a remarkable share of household expenditures. Because of housing value added is fifteen percent to Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and also the backward linkage between housing and other sectors is seventy percent, the role of housing in GDP is important . Therefore, it is vital to identify the nature of the housing market for the builders, consumers, and consequently for policymakers. The most important aspect of the housing market is its fluctuations that according many of researches are leading for business cycles.
The subject of this study is the investigation of housing fluctuations and its relation with business cycles in economy of Iran from 1971 to 2009. The GDP have been considered as the reference variable, and building permits, housing construction, built area, residential investment, employment in the housing sector and housing prices are considered as the basic variables of housing market. First the logarithms of variables by using Hedrick–Prescott filter in two stages are decomposited to trend, stochastic and cycle. Then, we examined the relationship between cycles of variables by using volatility, persistence and co movement indexes.
Results show that there is a most volatility in residential investment and most relative volatility in residential investment, employment in the housing and housing construction. Additional, estimated correlation coefficient indicates that all variables have high stability. Also, Granger causality test indicates: i) there is no causality between permits and GDP, ii) there is a causality of housing price to GDP iii) and there is a causality of GDP to other housing variables. In final section turning points analysis shows that housing variables (except permits) have co-
movement with GDP. Residential investment and housing price are coincident with GDP, but the housing construction and employment in the housing are delayed.
Keywords: gross domestic product, housing market, Hedrick–Prescott filter, cross correlation, turning points.
Mohamad Reza Mohammadvand Nahidi
Abstract
Macroeconomic Variables and Environmental Pollution in Selected Countries (Panel Data Approach)
Mohamad Reza Mohammadvand Nahidi
Assistant Professor of Economics, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University
Parisa Gholipur feizi
M.A. graduated in Economics, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, IRAN
Abstract
Since ...
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Macroeconomic Variables and Environmental Pollution in Selected Countries (Panel Data Approach)
Mohamad Reza Mohammadvand Nahidi
Assistant Professor of Economics, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University
Parisa Gholipur feizi
M.A. graduated in Economics, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, IRAN
Abstract
Since investigation of the economic aspects of greenhouse gases and its environmental effects are important in present evermore increasing of greenhouse gases condition, in this research the relationship between greenhouse gas or co2 emission and three macroeconomic variables, level of real domestic gross production, energy consumption and direct foreign investment is evaluated using panel data method for eighteen selected Middle Eastern countries during 1995-2007. The causative relationship between emission of CO2 and three macroeconomic variables has been studied using Granger causative test and Panel Data approach. The results show the positive effect of energy consumption, foreign direct investment and GDP on emission of pollution and they confirm EKC (Environmental Kuznets Curve) hypothesis.
JEL Classification: C23, P28, O50
Keywords: Co2 emission (GHG), Domestic Gross Production, Environmental Kuznets Curve, Granger causative test
