آزادسازی تجاری و نابرابری دستمزد بین نیروی کار شهری و روستایی

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• یونس گلی
• علی فلاحتی
• حسین گلی

دانشگاه رازی

https://doi.org/10.22067/erd.v22i9.42994

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر، با به کار بردن داده‌های در سطح خرد بودجه خانوار و داده‌های تجارت در بازه زمانی 1380 تا 1390 و روش اقتصادسنجی رگرسیون چندک و حداقل مربعات معمولی و مبنا قرار دادن تئوری هکشر-اوهلین و تئوری تبعیض سلیقه‌ای بیکر به بررسی اثر آزادسازی تجاری بر روی نابرابری دستمزد بین نیروی کار شهری و روستایی در بخش‌های قابل تجارت می‌پردازد. مدل تجزیه اکساکا و بلیندر(نابرابری در میانگین دستمزد) نشان می‌دهد، در بازه زمانی موردنظر شکاف دستمزد و قسمت غیرقابل توضیحی شکاف دستمزد کاهش پیدا کرده است. قسمت غیرقابل توضیحی شکاف دستمزد(تبعیض دستمزد) نسبت به بخش قابل توضیحی کم است، و این بر کارا بودن شکاف دستمزدها دلالت دارد. اما برآوردها نشان می‌دهند، که چون سهم کالاهای مصرفی نهایی در واردات بخش روستایی نسبتا بالا و سهم واردات کالاهای سرمایه‌ای در بخش شهری نسبتا بالا است. آزادسازی تجاری باعث افزایش شکاف دستمزد بین نیروی کار شهری و روستایی می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• نابرابری دستمزد
• آزادسازی تجاری
• تجزیه دستمزد اکساکا بلیندر
• تئوری تبعیض سلیقه‌ای بیکر

عنوان مقاله [English]

Trade liberalization and wage inequality between urban and rural labor

نویسندگان [English]

• younes goli
• younes goli
• hosain goli

razi university

چکیده [English]

This study examins effects of trade liberalization on the wage inequality between urban and rural labor by utilizing the data of micro-level Households’ Income and Expenditures surveys and trade statistics over 2001-2011. The analysis is carried based on the Heckscher–Ohlin’s theory in international trade and Baker’s taste discrimination theory at firms. We use Quantile regression and ordinary least squares (OLS) to consider the wage discrimination across entire distribution wage and at wages mean as well. The results of Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition approach (inequality at mean wage), indicate that over the aforementioned period wage gap and discrimination has decreased. Unexplained portion of the wage gap (wage discrimination) is low relative to the unexplained wage gap implies that the effectiveness. But estimates show that in rural sector the share of final consumer goods in imports is relatively high and urban sectors share of capital goods imports is relatively high. Thus, trade liberalization increases the wage gap

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• wage inequality
• trade liberalization
• l Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition
• Baker’s taste discrimination

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